Hajj

Introduction

This guide provides essential health instructions and precautionary measures for pilgrims before, during, and after Hajj to ensure a safe and healthy pilgrimage.

Before Hajj

Vaccinations:

Hajj vaccinations must be taken at least 10 days before the date of travel so that the body can obtain the necessary immunity against targeted diseases.

Mandatory: Meningococcal vaccine and Influenza vaccine for all pilgrims.
Recommended:

Pneumococcal vaccines, especially for older adults (65 years and above) or if the pilgrim’s age is (19 years and above) and suffers from a chronic disease
2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine

Increasing Physical Fitness:

Perform aerobic exercises (e.g., walking, jogging).
Practice resistance exercises and stretching.
Get used to walking long distances as required during Hajj.

First Aid:

A person should prepare your first aid kit before Hajj in case of emergency situations. It is important that your first aid kit contains the following depending on your needs:

Medications for fever, pain relief, and muscle spasms.
Treatments for chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes, blood pressure).
Skin ointments
First Aid Kit
A thermometer, glucometer, and antiseptics.

During Hajj

General Precautions:

Wash hands frequently.
Avoid sharing personal items like towels or utensils.
Maintain personal hygiene to prevent infections.
Seek medical help if experiencing symptoms of illness.

Heatstroke Prevention:

Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
Wear light, loose-fitting clothing.
Use sunscreen (SPF 30+) and seek shade during peak sun hours.
Rest frequently in air-conditioned or shaded areas.

Nutrition:

Eat well-cooked meals and avoid raw or undercooked food.
Drink bottled or sterilized water to avoid contamination.
Include fresh fruits and balanced meals to maintain energy.

Foot Care:

Wear comfortable and well-fitted shoes.
Wash and dry feet regularly to prevent infections.
Check for blisters or injuries and rest feet as needed.

Respiratory Health:

Avoid close contact with sick individuals.
Cover mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing.
Use clean, sterilized tools for shaving or haircuts.

Common Health Issues and Management

Heatstroke:

Symptoms: Dizziness, confusion, fainting.
Management: Move to a cool area, provide water, and use cold compresses. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.

Dehydration:

Symptoms: Dark urine, dry mouth, fatigue.
Management: Drink fluids and consult a doctor for severe dehydration.

Muscle Strain:

Symptoms: Pain in legs, back, or arms due to exertion.
Management: Rest the affected area, use cold compresses, and take over-the-counter painkillers if needed.

Falls:

Prevention: Avoid crowded times, wear anti-slip shoes, and be cautious in wet or uneven areas.

Skin Abrasions and Skin Rashes:

Causes: Prolonged walking, heat, or sweat.
Prevention: Maintain proper hygiene, wear comfortable clothing, and use children powder.

Food Poisoning:

To avoid food poisoning during Hajj:

Wash your hands before and after preparing or eating food.
Check food expiration dates.
Choose clean, well-cooked food, and avoid uncovered foods.
Avoid eating raw meat and undercooked seafood.
Drink bottled water and avoid tap water and ice cubes.
Avoid eating food from street vendors.
Wash fruits and vegetables before consuming them.

Stomach pain

Ensure the safety and cleanliness of the food you eat.
Avoid foods that contain large amounts of fat and sugar.
Maintain hand hygiene and avoid the use of other people's items.
Cook meat well.
Drink more fluids.

After Hajj

Continue practicing personal hygiene to avoid spreading any illnesses upon returning home.
Monitor your health and consult a doctor if you feel unwell.

Hygiene practices during slaughter of sacrificial animals

Make sure to slaughter the sacrificial animals through the competent authorities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the mandatory vaccinations for Hajj?

Meningococcal vaccine
Seasonal flu vaccine

What are the optional vaccinations for Hajj?

If the pilgrim’s age is 65 years or more, or if the pilgrim’s age is 19 years or more and suffers from a chronic disease, then, he/she must get the Pneumococcal vaccine
COVID-19 vaccine

When should I take the vaccinations?

At least 10 days before the date of travel to ensure their effectiveness in providing immunity and maximum protection, and make sure to record the information in the International Vaccination Card issued by authorized health centers.

Where can I get the vaccinations?

You can get the vaccinations by scheduling an appointment through the EHS APP or calling 800 8877 and visiting the Primary Healthcare Center or Public Health Center.

Where can I get screened for Hajj?

You can get screened for Hajj by scheduling an appointment through the EHS APP or calling 800 8877 and visiting the Primary Healthcare Center.

What can be given as a first aid if a pilgrim shows signs of dehydration?

Give a lot of fluids with vitamin C, such as lemon or orange juice.

What should I do if I have asthma and/or I am prone to respiratory infections?

It is recommended to carry a bracelet around the wrist with your name, age, diagnosis, and type of treatment. Avoid overcrowded areas and always carry the emergency nebulizer.

What should be done in case a pilgrim shows symptoms of infections?

Provide first aid if possible, by taking the necessary precautions, inform the authorities concerned, or visit the nearest health center immediately.

What first aid can be provided to a pilgrim in case of nosebleed?

Let him/her bend slightly forward while sitting or standing, press the nose from the cartilaginous part (for at least five minutes for children, and 10 to 15 minutes for adults), and use cold compresses or an ice pack. If the bleeding does not stop, visit a health center.

What first aid can be given in case of bruises?

Rest and elevate the affected area, and place ice packs to prevent swelling and relieve pain. You can also take painkillers to reduce the pain. Consult a doctor immediately if symptoms do not subside.

What can be done in case of symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)?

Increase blood sugar levels by, for example, drinking ½ cup of sweetened juice or consuming one tablespoon of honey or sugar.

What should I do if I have a pre-existing medical condition during Hajj?

Ensure that you have an ample supply of necessary medications for the duration of your Hajj journey. Carry a medical information card detailing your medical history, allergies, and emergency contacts. Inform your Hajj group leaders and companions about your condition for assistance if needed.

How can I manage medication schedules while performing Hajj rituals?

Organize your medications in a secure and easily accessible container. Set reminders on your phone or watch for medication doses. Consider carrying a small supply of medications in a wearable pouch or pocket for convenience during Hajj activities.

How can I manage stress and fatigue during Hajj?

Pace yourself and prioritize rest breaks between Hajj rituals to avoid exhaustion. Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or gentle stretching to reduce stress and tension. Seek support from fellow pilgrims or group leaders if you feel overwhelmed or anxious.